Choose the correct pair of forms to fill in the gaps.
The old manuscript is believed ___ in the twelfth century, but it still needs ___ before it can be exhibited.
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Верный ответ
- Ato have been written / restoring
Разбор
First gap: the structure 'is believed + infinitive' refers to an action that happened earlier than the present moment (the twelfth century). A manuscript does not write itself, so the form must be a perfect passive infinitive: 'to have been written'. 'To be written' would point to the present or future, 'to have written' is active, and 'having been written' cannot follow 'is believed'. Second gap: after 'need' a gerund has a passive meaning ('needs restoring' = 'needs to be restored'), and 'to restore' would wrongly mean that the manuscript itself does the restoring. So the correct pair is 'to have been written / restoring'.